Vitalik Buterin Encourages Ethereum Researchers to Explore Poseidon Hash Function

Vitalik Buterin, co-founder of Ethereum, has called on blockchain researchers to engage with the Poseidon cryptanalysis initiative, which aims to assess the security of the Poseidon hash function.
He hinted at the possibility of integrating Poseidon into Ethereum to enhance the platform’s efficiency, particularly in relation to zero-knowledge proof (ZK) systems. The Ethereum team is considering the integration of Poseidon as part of a broader push to improve scalability and privacy. The deadline for research grants related to Poseidon has been extended to March 15, with Buterin stressing the importance of fully understanding its security aspects.
Poseidon is a new hash function designed to optimize ZK-proof systems. Unlike traditional hash functions, which typically rely on bitwise operations, Poseidon uses algebraic operations—addition and multiplication within finite fields—to improve efficiency in cryptographic tasks. It is particularly suited for use with SNARKs, STARKs, and Bulletproofs, which are essential in privacy-focused technologies like Ethereum’s ZK rollups.
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However, the idea of using Poseidon in Ethereum has sparked debate. Some, like blockchain cryptography expert Ye Zhang, have raised concerns about its limitations. Zhang pointed out that Poseidon’s reliance on specific prime fields could limit its compatibility with certain SNARK systems, making it less flexible. Additionally, Poseidon’s slower performance compared to established hash functions such as Blake or Keccak could pose a significant challenge for Ethereum, especially if Layer 2 solutions must compromise on compatibility for performance reasons. Despite these reservations, Buterin’s push for further research into Poseidon’s potential remains part of Ethereum’s ongoing efforts to improve its cryptographic infrastructure.